Trade with Japanese merchants had changed the Ainu economy, traditionally based on hunting, fishing and regional trade with different peoples, into one that was dependent on trade with one people: the Japanese. The indigenous inhabitants of these lands called themselves “Ainu,” and the region “Ainu Moshir,” which roughly translate into “the people” and “the land of the people.” The Japanese, on the other hand, called both the “barbarians” and the “barbarian land” they lived in “Ezo.”2 By the late eighteenth century, they dominated the Ainu economically, militarily, and politically. This was today’s Hokkaidō, the southern Kuril/Chishima Islands, and southern Sakhalin/Karafuto. Starting in the early 1600s, the Japanese also started colonizing the region where they would eventually encounter Russians. Tracks in Japan (first published in 1905). This allowed the Tokugawa to claim the Koreans and Ryūkyūans as subjects, though Japanese control over the Ryūkyūs was limited, and over Korea nonexistent.1 Two Ainu men, “Ainos of Yezo,” by Isabella Bird. The Tokugawa also adapted the Sinocentric (China–centered) model of diplomacy for their own uses, receiving Korean and Ryūkyūan diplomatic embassies and portraying them as tribute missions. Japanese traded with Chinese, Koreans and Ryūkyūans. East Asia, though, was extremely important to Japan. True, the samurai government led by the Tokugawa shōgun did keep Westerners at arm’s length. Indeed, despite the persistence of the sakoku (closed country) narrative in the popular imagination, Japan was anything but secluded during this period. Edo Period (1600–1868) Japan was keenly interested in the world beyond its borders. Yet in fact, by 1904 they had been viewing each other as imperial rivals for over a century. Most people today think of the Russo–Japanese War (1904–1905) as the first time Russians and Japanese came into conflict in Asia. Re-envisioning Asia: Contestations and Struggles in the Visual Artsĭownload PDF Japanese, Ainu and Russians, 1702–1792.Distinguished Service to the Association for Asian Studies Award.Distinguished Contributions to Asian Studies Award.Striving for Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion in Asian Studies: Humanities Grants for Asian Studies Scholars.Gosling-Lim Postdoctoral Fellowship in Southeast Asian Studies.Cultivating the Humanities & Social Sciences Initiative Grants.Key Issues in Asian Studies Book Series.AAS Takes Action to Build Diversity & Equity in Asian Studies.AAS Community Forum Log In and Participate.
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